This article was helpful. But it looks like Apple moved “Add Action” and “scripting” in iOS17. Now you click the + on main shortcuts screen and then choose add action then scripting. Under “device” select Set Airplane Mode. It will appear on the All Shortcuts screen. You will then be able to use it for a Time or Location automation.
How to Schedule Airplane Mode on iPhone
Want to make the most of iPhone's Airplane Mode? Here's a neat trick to schedule Airplane Mode by using iPhone automation.